41 articles - From Friday May 13 2022 to Friday May 20 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Pancreas |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Am J Clin Nutr |
The accuracy of methods for determining the internal length of a nasogastric tube in adult patients: A systematic review. Current data do not provide conclusive evidence of 100% accuracy in finding a correctly placed nasogastric tube when using a method for determining the internal length. Blind placement, using any of the documented methods, cannot be considered safe without additional verification of tube tip positioning. Furthermore, using any of these ten methods does not reduce the risk of pulmonary intubation. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42021243180. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Am J Clin Nutr |
Adherence to the Mediterranean-style diet and high intake of total carotenoids reduces the odds of frailty over 11 years in older adults: Results from the Framingham Offspring Study. Our findings suggest that adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet and higher total carotenoid intake is associated with frailty prevention over time, particularly in adults <60y. |
Arginine catabolism metabolites and atrial fibrillation or heart failure risk: two case-control studies within the PREDIMED trial. Our results suggest that arginine catabolism metabolites could be involved in AF and HF. Interventions with the MedDiet may contribute to strengthen the inverse association between arginine and the risk of HF. |
Effects of vitamin C supplementation on gout risk: results from the physicians' health study II trial. Vitamin C modestly reduced the risk of new gout diagnoses among middle-aged male physicians. Additional research is needed to determine the effects of higher doses of vitamin C supplementation on serum urate and gout flares among adults with established gout. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00270647. |
Infant and child formula shortages: now is the time to prevent recurrences. The shortage has been particularly problematic for specialized formulas such as those needed for infants and children with food allergies, intestinal failure, kidney disease, and metabolic disorders. Although undoubtedly the magnitude of the shortage will abate over time, it has affected many children and caused tremendous distress for thousands of families. We propose a series of interventions to be undertaken as soon as feasible to help ensure that the conditions that led to this problem do not recur and families regain confidence in the safety and supply reliability of formulas for infants and young children regardless of their medical needs. |
Pre-pregnancy fat intake in relation to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Pre-pregnancy intakes of total fat, saturated fat, and MUFA were unrelated to HDP, whereas TFA was positively related to HDP. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing efforts to eliminate TFA from the global food supply. |
Prenatal choline supplementation improves biomarkers of maternal docosahexaenoic acid status among pregnant participants consuming supplemental DHA: a randomized controlled trial. Prenatal choline supplementation improves hepatic DHA export and biomarkers of DHA status by bolstering methyl group supply for PEMT activity among pregnant participants consuming supplemental DHA Clinical Trial Registry Synergy BetweenCholine and DHA; NCT03194659 ( |
The association of genetic susceptibility to smoking with cardiovascular disease mortality and the benefits of adhering to a DASH diet: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Genetic predisposition to smoking was associated with CVD mortality in the Chinese population. In addition, we detected a significant interaction showing higher genetically determined smoking related CVD mortality among those with lower DASH score. |
Urinary Potassium Excretion and Mortality Risk in Community-Dwelling Individuals with and without obesity. Low potassium intake was associated with increased mortality risk in community-dwelling individuals. In individuals with obesity, high potassium intake was also associated with increased mortality risk. |
Vitamin B-12 malabsorption and renal function are critical considerations in studies of folate and vitamin B-12 interactions in cognitive performance: NHANES 2011-2014. Differential associations between vitamin B-12 and MMA highlight the need to consider renal function in studies of high folate and low vitamin B-12 status. Consumption of vitamin B-12 supplements concurrent with low vitamin B-12 status may indicate vitamin B-12 malabsorption. |
| Liver Transpl |
CAQ Corner: Surgical Evaluation for Liver Transplantation. The evaluation of a liver transplant candidate is a complex and detailed process that in many cases must be done in an expedited manner due to critically ill status of some patients with end-stage liver disease. It involves great effort from and the collaboration of multiple disciplines, and during the evaluation several studies and interventions are performed to assess and potentially optimize a patient for liver transplant. Here we will review the liver transplant evaluation from a surgical perspective. |
Factors Associated with Improved Patient and Graft Survival Beyond 1-year in Pediatric Liver Transplantation. This improvement occurred despite significant changes in patient selection toward higher risk populations (p<0.001), and without notable improvement in peri-operative complications such as hepatic artery thrombosis (p=0.24) and early post-transplant re-operation (p=0.94) that have historically contributed to poor late-allograft outcomes. Improved outcomes were associated with changes in patient characteristics and peri-operative practices, which subsequently impacted both early post-liver transplant complications as well as other sequalae known to contribute to adverse events in long-term pediatric liver transplant recipients. In conclusion, despite significant changes in patient selection toward higher risk populations, and without notable improvement in several peri-operative complications known to contribute to poor late-allograft outcomes, significant improvements in late graft loss and a trend toward improvement in late mortality was seen in a more contemporary cohort of children receiving liver transplant. |
Impact of major hepatocellular carcinoma policy changes on liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. All HCC policy implementations led to a decrease in the percentage of transplants for HCC without an increase in waitlist mortality. The impact is not uniform across geographic areas. |
Liver transplantation of partial grafts after ex-situ splitting during Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion - The HOPE-Split Pilot Study. HOPE-Split grafts underwent perfusion for a median 125min which significantly shortened static cold storage (472 vs 544min, p=0.001) while prolonging total ex-vivo preservation (595 vs 544min, p=0.007) and reduced neutrophil infiltration on reperfusion biopsies (p=0.04) compared to Static-Split. This clinical pilot study presents first feasibility and safety data for transplantation of partial liver grafts undergoing ex-situ split during HOPE and suggests improved preservation compared to static ex-situ splitting. These preliminary results will allow to set-up large scale trials on the use of machine perfusion in pediatric and split liver transplantation. |
| Pancreas |
Baseline Factors Predictive of the Receipt of Second-Line Chemotherapy After Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine for Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Sarcopenia and hypoalbuminemia at baseline might be negative predictive factors for the receipt of 2L chemotherapy after AG treatment in patients with APC. |
Best Practices for the Coordinated Care of Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors Undergoing Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy. Many primary oncology practices may lack the staff, expertise, and infrastructure to treat patients with PRRT and primary oncologists may therefore refer their patients to a NET specialist at a tertiary center for treatment. Given the amount of organization required, PRRT treatment may seem to be complex; however, this process will be managed by a care coordinator who acts as a consistent point of contact for primary physicians regarding the care of their patients and ensures blood tests and scans are scheduled. In this article, we share our opinions, procedures, workflow, best practice, and roles and responsibilities when caring for patients receiving [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE and focus on the role of the primary oncologist before, during, and after PRRT treatment. |
Clinical and Analytical Characterization of the DiaSorin and ScheBo Fecal Pancreatic Elastase 1 Assays. The new DiaSorin LIAISON immunoassay preforms similarly to the well-known ScheBo ELISA. Pancreatic elastase assays can help identify patients with severe EPI but are not as useful in classifying mild/moderate EPI. |
Critical Considerations in Bioluminescence Imaging of Transplanted Islets: Dynamic Signal Change in Early Posttransplant Phase and Signal Absorption by Tissues. Posttransplant phase and graft location/depth critically impact the bioluminescence images captured in islet transplantation studies. Understanding these parameters is critical for reducing experimental biases and proper interpretation of data. |
Efficacy and Safety of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy Administered for 5 Versus 2 Weeks for Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer. The 5-week regimen of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has good clinical efficacy and safety for R- and BRV-PDAC. The 5-week regimen could achieve better outcomes than the 2-week regimen for BRV-PDAC. In contrast, both regimens achieved similar outcomes for R-PDAC. |
Efficacy and Safety of Peroral Pancreatoscopy Through the Fistula Created by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Pancreaticogastrostomy. Endoscopic ultrasound/endosonography-guided pancreaticogastrostomy and various procedures (including POPS) performed through the MF are feasible and effective and can diagnose and treat PDS/PJAS with acceptable AEs rates. |
Epidemiological Factors Associated With Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas: A Dual Center Case-Control Study. A history of urogenital and colorectal cancer often coincides with IPMN, which have an indication for surgery and are associated with preoperative episodes of pancreatitis and with endocrine insufficiency. Prospective studies are needed to investigate the role of these factors in IPMN development. |
Finding Predictors of Azathioprine-Induced Pancreatitis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Although AIP was a relatively common adverse effect, it presented a mild course in al patients. Smoking, concomitant use of budesonide, and single-dose regimen of AZA should be avoided in IBD patients treated with AZA. |
Multidisciplinary Approach to the Care of Children With Acute Recurrent Pancreatitis and Chronic Pancreatitis. It is important to manage children with acute recurrent pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis in a multidisciplinary setting. There is need to study the impact of these personnel on the outcomes of children with pancreatitis. |
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: The Effect of Facility Type on Patient Survival. Treatment of pNETs at academic/research programs is associated with more frequent resections and best survival outcomes. This survival benefit exists for early and late stages and after adjusting for known cofactors. |
| Pancreatology |
Aurora kinase a inhibitor MLN8237 suppresses pancreatic cancer growth. MLN8237, an inhibitor of Aurora kinase-A, efficiently reduced the proliferation and motility of PDAC cells in vitro as well as tumor growth in orthotropic xenograft model and genetic pancreatic cancer animal models (p53/LSL/Pdx-Cre mice) in vivo. MLN8237 exhibited tumor inhibitory effect through inhibiting proliferation and migration, and inducing apoptosis and senescence. These results provide the molecular basis for a novel chemotherapy strategy for PDAC patients. |
Impact of tumor size and location on endoscopic ultrasound-guided sampling of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A recursive partitioning analysis. In 41 patients with a pNET size less than 18.5 mm, the EUS-guided first biopsy was successful in 90.2%. In 16 of these patients with smaller lesions, EUS-guided sampling was 100% in very small (less than 11 mm) and extremely small lesions (less than 8 mm). The biopsy success rate was 100% in tail lesions in the size range between =5.95 and <8.1 mm but only 33.3% independent of the investigator in pancreatic head or body, with an error rate of 11.2% CONCLUSION: Using a recursive partitioning of the tree-aided stratification model, we demonstrate for the first time that in balancing risks and benefits, very small pNETs (<1 cm) in the tail of the pancreas should be sampled under EUS-guidance. |
Pirfenidone ameliorates chronic pancreatitis in mouse models through immune and cytokine modulation. The therapeutic effect of pirfenidone is abrogated in absence of macrophages. Furthermore, it reduces collagen secretion, cytokine levels and fibrosis markers in pancreatic stellate cells in-vitro. As it is FDA approved, our findings in mouse models simulating clinical presentation of patients to the clinic, can be used as the basis of a clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of this drug as a therapeutic agent for CP. |
Variants in the pancreatic CUB and zona pellucida-like domains 1 (CUZD1) gene in early-onset chronic pancreatitis - A possible new susceptibility gene. Functional studies revealed >50% reduced secretion of 7 variants, however, these variants were not significantly enriched in European CP patients. Our data indicate that CUZD1 might be a novel susceptibility gene for NACP. How these variants predispose to pancreatitis remains to be elucidated. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Liver Transpl |
Pediatric Acute Liver Failure: Re-examining key clinical features, current management, and research prospects. With the introduction of technical variant grafts, and recent immunosuppression modifications, overall patient survival, graft survival and waitlist mortality have improved. Furthermore, recent advances in the knowledge of immunologic mediators of acute liver failure offer the possibility of more detailed understanding of the pathophysiology as well as offer new areas of research. Summary Given the success of living donor liver transplant for pediatric patients with acute liver failure, this option should continue to be actively considered as an alternative treatment option for patients who are listed for transplant, and are managed at a multidisciplinary tertiary care transplant center. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Clin Nutr |
| Liver Transpl |
| Pancreas |